A swollen knee—often called "water on the knee"—is a common problem. It happens when excess fluid accumulates in or around your knee joint.

This fluid is usually produced by the knee's lining (synovium) as a reaction to irritation. Think of it like a blister forming to protect damaged skin; the knee swells to protect itself.

But what caused the irritation in the first place? Here are the most common culprits.

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1. Trauma or Injury

If you twisted your knee or took a hit, swelling is the body's immediate response.

• ACL/MCL Tear: Often causes rapid swelling within an hour of injury (filled with blood, known as hemarthrosis).
• Meniscus Tear: Swelling usually develops slowly over 24-48 hours.

2. Arthritis (Osteoarthritis)

This is the most common cause of chronic, recurring swelling.

• When the cartilage is rough, it irritates the joint lining.
• The knee produces extra synovial fluid to try and lubricate the friction, leading to a puffy knee, especially after activity.

3. Gout

Gout is a type of arthritis caused by uric acid crystals forming in the joint.

• Signs: Sudden, severe pain, redness, and heat. The knee looks like a balloon and is very tender to touch.

4. Infection (Septic Arthritis)

This is a medical emergency.

• Signs: Fever, intense pain, and a hot, red knee. If you have these, see a doctor immediately.

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How to Treat a Swollen Knee

Home Remedies:

• Ice: Reduces blood flow and inflammation.
• Compression: A knee sleeve helps push fluid out of the joint.
• Elevation: Gravity helps drain the fluid.

Medical Treatment:

• Aspiration: If the swelling is severe and painful, a doctor can drain the fluid with a needle. This provides instant relief and allows the fluid to be tested for infection or gout.

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Takeaway

Swelling is a symptom, not a disease. It means your knee is unhappy.

If swelling persists for more than 3 days or comes with a fever, get it checked. 👉 Book a Consultation